English Language Arts and Reading.2.9.D.iii

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The student is expected to

recognize characteristics and structures of informational text, including:

organizational patterns such as chronological order and cause and effect stated explicitly;

multiple genres TEKS talk image

Knowledge and Skills Statement

Multiple genres: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking using multiple texts--genres. The student recognizes and analyzes genre-specific characteristics, structures, and purposes within and across increasingly complex traditional, contemporary, classical, and diverse texts.

Ask students to identify the organizational patterns that are used while reading a text in a whole-group or small-group context.

Examples:

  • What organizational pattern did the author use in the book and why would he or she have chosen that?
  • Do you think this book uses chronological order or cause and effect?
  • I see a lot of words and phrases like next and finally. What organizational pattern is the author using and why do you think the author is using that pattern?
Cause and effect is the organizational pattern that explains reasons why something happens or has happened and/or the consequences of something happening.
Informational texts are texts that present information in order to explain, clarify, and/or educate. In second grade, they could include procedural text, magazines, newspapers, menus, nonfiction books, pamphlets, textbooks. Informational text characteristics include text and graphic features such as a table of contents, captions, bold print, glossaries, diagrams, etc. Informational text structures include compare/contrast, central idea with supporting facts, description, and cause and effect.
Chronological order is an organizational pattern that describes events in the order that they happened. In second grade, students often see and use words that include first, next, then, before, after, last, finally, and in conclusion to signal order.
a text that presents information in order to explain, clarify, and/or educate
the pattern or structure an author uses to construct and organize his or her ideas for the audience (e.g., cause and effect, problem and solution, description, order of importance); also referred to as organizational structure