Sections
Chapter Review

# Chapter Review

### Concept Items

#### 13.1Types of Waves

1.
Do water waves push water from one place to another? Explain.
1. No, water waves transfer only energy from one place to another.
2. Yes, water waves transfer water from one place to another.
2.
With reference to waves, what is a trough?
1. the lowermost position of a wave
2. the uppermost position of a wave
3. the final position of a wave
4. the initial position of the wave
3.

Give an example of longitudinal waves.

1. light waves
2. water waves in a lake
3. sound waves in air
4. seismic waves in Earth’s surface
4.
What does the speed of a mechanical wave depend on?
1. the properties of the material through which it travels
2. the shape of the material through which it travels
3. the size of the material through which it travels
4. the color of the material through which it travels

#### 13.2Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period

5.
Which characteristic of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation?
1. The amplitude of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation.
2. The amplitude and the wavelength of a transverse wave are measured along the direction of propagation.
3. The wavelength of a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation.
4. The displacement of the particles of the medium in a transverse wave is measured along the direction of propagation.
6.
Which kind of seismic waves cannot travel through liquid?
1. compressional waves
2. P-waves
3. longitudinal waves
4. S-waves
7.
What is the period of a wave?
1. the time that a wave takes to complete a half cycle
2. the time that a wave takes to complete one cycle
3. the time that a wave takes to complete two cycles
4. the time that a wave takes to complete four cycles
8.
When the period of a wave increases, what happens to its frequency?
1. Its frequency decreases.
2. Its frequency increases.
3. Its frequency remains the same.

#### 13.3Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference

9.
Is this statement true or false? The amplitudes of waves add up only if they are propagating in the same line.
1. True
2. False
10.
Why is sound from a stereo louder in one part of the room and softer in another?
1. Sound is louder in parts of the room where the density is greatest. Sound is softer in parts of the room where density is smallest.
2. Sound is louder in parts of the room where the density is smallest. Sound is softer in parts of the room where density is greatest.
3. Sound is louder in parts of the room where constructive interference occurs and softer in parts where destructive interference occurs.
4. Sound is louder in parts of the room where destructive interference occurs and softer in parts where constructive interference occurs.
11.
In standing waves on a string, what does the frequency depend on?
1. The frequency depends on the propagation speed and the density of the string.
2. The frequency depends on the propagation speed and the length of the string.
3. The frequency depends on the density and the length of the string.
4. The frequency depends on the propagation speed, the density, and the length of the string.
12.

Is the following statement true or false? Refraction is useful in fiber optic cables for transmitting signals.

1. False
2. True
13.
What is refraction?
1. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves change their path of propagation at the interface of two media with different densities.
2. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves change their path of propagation at the interface of two media with the same density.
3. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves become non-periodic at the boundary of two media with different densities.
4. Refraction is the phenomenon in which waves become non-periodic at the boundary of two media with the same density.

### Critical Thinking Items

#### 13.1Types of Waves

14.

Give an example of a wave that propagates only through a solid.

1. Light wave
2. Sound wave
3. Seismic wave
4. Surface wave
15.

Can mechanical waves be periodic waves?

1. No, mechanical waves cannot be periodic waves.
2. Yes, mechanical waves can be periodic.
16.
In a sound wave, which parameter of the medium varies with every cycle?
1. The density of the medium varies with every cycle.
2. The mass of the medium varies with every cycle.
3. The resistivity of the medium varies with every cycle.
4. The volume of the medium varies with every cycle.
17.
What is a transverse wave in an earthquake called?
1. L-wave
2. P-wave
3. S-wave
4. R-wave

#### 13.2Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period

18.

If the horizontal distance, that is, the distance in the direction of propagation, between a crest and the adjacent trough of a sine wave is 1 m , what is the wavelength of the wave?

1. 0.5 m
2. 1 m
3. 2 m
4. 4 m
19.
How is the distance to the epicenter of an earthquake determined?
1. The wavelength difference between P-waves and S-waves is used to measure the distance to the epicenter.
2. The time difference between P-waves and S-waves is used to measure the distance to the epicenter.
3. The frequency difference between P-waves and S-waves is used to measure the distance to the epicenter.
4. The phase difference between P-waves and S-waves is used to measure the distance to the epicenter.
20.

Two identical waves superimpose in pure constructive interference. What is the height of the resultant wave if the amplitude of each of the waves is 1 m?

1. 1 m
2. 2 m
3. 3 m
4. 4 m

#### 13.3Wave Interaction: Superposition and Interference

21.
Two identical waves with an amplitude $X$ superimpose in a way that pure constructive interference occurs. What is the amplitude of the resultant wave?
1. $X2$
2. $X$
3. $2X$
4. $X2$
22.
In which kind of wave is the amplitude at each point constant?
1. Seismic waves
2. Pulse wave
3. Standing waves
4. Electromagnetic waves
23.
Which property of a medium causes refraction?
1. Conductivity
2. Opacity
3. Ductility
4. Density
24.

What is added together when two waves superimpose?

1. Amplitudes
2. Wavelengths
3. Velocities

### Problems

#### 13.2Wave Properties: Speed, Amplitude, Frequency, and Period

25.

If a seagull sitting in water bobs up and down once every 2 seconds and the distance between two crests of the water wave is 3 m, what is the velocity of the wave?

1. 1.5 m/s
2. 3 m/s
3. 6 m/s
4. 12 m/s
26.

A boat in the trough of a wave takes 3 seconds to reach the highest point of the wave. The velocity of the wave is 5 m/s. What is its wavelength?

1. 0.83 m
2. 15 m
3. 30 m
4. 180 m